Iran

IRAN
The Islamic Republic of Iran is a state in South-West Asia, covering an area of ​​1.65 million square meters. km. The capital is Tehran. The state language is Persian (Farsi).
Power in the republic is exercised by the legislative, executive and judicial branches under the control of the head of state – the Supreme Leader, who is also the first person of the country’s clergy. The second most important post is considered to be the post of the President, who performs the functions of the guarantor of the Constitution. The laws of the republic are based on Islamic law.
The history of statehood in Iran is one of the oldest in the world, dating back at least 5 thousand years. Despite the fact that the Iranians themselves have called their country this way since ancient times, in the rest of the world for many centuries, up to 1935, the ancient Greek name “Persia” was adopted.

Population
The population of the republic is 83.2 million people. More than 60 peoples, ethnic groups and tribes live here, the most significant of which are Persians, Azerbaijanis, Kurds. The majority of the population, in addition to the state language, speaks at least one more. Religion affects almost all areas of Iranian life. The modern population of Iran is young: the age of more than half of the citizens does not exceed 30 years. About 70% of the population lives in cities.

Economy
Iran is an agro-industrial country with a developed oil industry. Extraction of oil, coal, gas, copper, iron, manganese and lead-zinc ores is carried out. There are oil refineries, petrochemical enterprises, machine building and metalworking, food and textile industries, construction, electronic and pharmaceutical industries. Among the most important crops: wheat, barley, rice, legumes, cotton, sugar beets, tobacco, tea, nuts. In animal husbandry, sheep, goats, camels, and cattle are raised.
The main export items are crude oil and petroleum products, metal ores, agricultural products. Imported: products of heavy engineering and chemical industry, automobiles, iron, steel, mineral raw materials, consumer goods. The main trading partners are China, India, UAE, Turkey, Japan, South Korea, Italy, Germany, Russia.

Transport
The length of the country’s highways is about 180 thousand km, of which 2/3 are paved. Bus services are well established, connecting all major cities. Motorcycles are very popular among the population. The length of the railways is about 13 thousand km, there is both internal communication and international communication with bordering countries. There are about a hundred airports, including 10 international ones. More than a dozen seaports operate on the shores of the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf.

Interesting
Iran is a mountainous country, most of it is located on the plateau of the same name. The climate ranges from dry desert to subtropical.
The chronology in the country is carried out according to the astronomical calendar (hijri), in 2021 1443 is celebrated there. The numbers here also look Persian.
Prices for goods and services here often depend on your bargaining skills.
The national currency is the Iranian rial.
GMT: +3.5 hours (summer), +4.5 hours (winter).