Egypt

EGYPT
The Arab Republic of Egypt is a country in the northeastern part of the African continent, covering an area of ​​just over 1 million square meters. km. The capital is Cairo. The official language is Arabic.
Egypt is a unitary state led by a president. Legislative power is exercised by a bicameral parliament, executive power is exercised by the government headed by the prime minister.
People began to settle on the banks of the Nile more than 20 thousand years ago, and already from the 30th century BC. NS. it is customary to talk about the emergence of statehood here. Later, the Egyptian lands were ruled by the Roman Empire, the Arab Caliphate, the Mamluk dynasties, the Ottoman Empire – until the beginning of the twentieth century, when the countdown of the country’s modern independent history was given.

Population
Egypt is the most populous country in the Middle East with over 101.5 million citizens. The composition of the population is rather homogeneous: about 95% are Arabs and Copts. In various regions of the country, dialects are widespread as a spoken language, which are very different from the literary language. Thanks to the active natural growth observed in the 21st century, there are many children and young people in the country. At the same time, less than half of all citizens live in cities. The Egyptians are sensitive to family ties and traditions. About 90% of Egyptians practice Islam, which is the state religion. Most Egyptians live in accordance with Muslim traditions, observing rituals, at the same time, many beliefs and beliefs are widespread among people.

Economy
The economy of Egypt is one of the steadily developing ones. In the structure of GDP, the leading sectors are the service sector (including tourism), industry and agriculture. In industry, the leading role is played by the extraction of oil and natural gas, food and textile industries, metallurgy, mechanical engineering, petrochemical industry, production of mineral fertilizers and building materials. Phosphates, iron ore and sodium chloride are mined.
The climatic conditions allow for two crops a year, so agriculture employs about 30% of the entire workforce. Cotton, corn, wheat, rice, legumes and vegetables, fruits are cultivated; cattle are raised.
The country is taking measures to liberalize the economy, expand industrial production, increase its efficiency, a number of large-scale projects are being implemented, including the development of desert lands.
The leading export destinations of Egypt are crude oil and oil products, cotton, textiles, fruits and vegetables. The structure of imports is dominated by industrial and chemical products, foodstuffs, timber, fuel. Main partners: China, UAE, Europe, USA, Russia.

Transport
The main transport infrastructure in Egypt is concentrated in the capital and along the Nile. The length of navigable waterways is about 3.5 thousand km. The construction of new and modernization of berths is constantly underway. For the transportation of goods and passengers, road transport is also used; all major cities of the delta are connected by bus services. More than 10 thousand km of railways have been laid in the republic, several dozen airports are operating.

Interesting
People in Egypt live in an area equal to 5.5% of the country’s territory, and most of it is occupied by the Sahara and the Libyan desert.
Thanks to the Suez Canal, ships do not need to make a detour of 8 thousand km, skirting Africa.
Several years ago, the country’s government announced plans to rebuild the new capital and make it a high-tech city.
The national currency is the Egyptian pound.
GMT: +2 hours.